What Is a VA Loan?
A VA loan is a mortgage guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. It is available to veterans, active-duty service members, National Guard and Reserve members, and eligible surviving spouses. VA loans offer the most favorable terms of any mortgage product: zero down payment, no private mortgage insurance (PMI), and competitive interest rates typically lower than conventional loans.
There is no minimum credit score required by the VA itself, though most lenders set their own overlays between 580 and 620. The VA funding fee (1.25% to 3.3% depending on usage and down payment) can be financed into the loan or waived entirely for veterans with service-connected disabilities.
The real advantage: VA loans have no loan limit for borrowers with full entitlement. If you have full VA entitlement, you can buy a home at any price with zero down. No other loan program offers this.
Who VA Loans Are For
- Veterans with eligible discharge status
- Active-duty service members with at least 90 days of continuous service
- National Guard and Reserve members with 6+ years of service or 90 days of active duty
- Surviving spouses of veterans who died in service or from service-connected disabilities
Key Features
VA loans allow 100% financing on primary residences with no PMI, no prepayment penalty, and limited closing costs. Sellers can pay up to 4% of the purchase price in concessions. VA loans cover single-family homes, VA-approved condos, and multi-unit properties up to 4 units if you occupy one. Refinance options include the VA IRRRL (streamline) and VA cash-out.